Essay about Urban Homelessness in Canada - 2342 Words

Definition of Homelessness Homelessness can simply be defined as the lack of house or shelter. Hulchanski (n.d.) believes that homelessness is â€Å"a great unresolved political and social problem of our time.† He defines homelessness as: The absence of a place to live (a house or apartment or room - the physical structure) - which includes the absence of belonging to a place and the people living there (a home, in the social/psychological sense). [It refers to] situations in which people lack regular and customary access to adequate and appropriate conventional housing (the physical structures that are designed and intended to be permanent residential accommodation). A person who has no regular place to live stays in†¦show more content†¦At risk of houselessness refers to people who are at grave risk of losing their housing. This group includes â€Å"†¦those facing the risk of losing their shelter either by eviction or the expiry of the lease, with no other possibility of shelter in view. Prisoners or people living in other institutions facing their release and having no place to go to, are considered as part of this population† (Springer, 2000). What Causes Homelessness Springer notes that before people becomes homeless or houseless, they first experienced inadequate housing. Before becoming houseless, many people have been living in substandard housing situations. ...Households with a feeble and perhaps insecure income are likely to live in substandard housing units and might also experience houselessness because of economic difficulties† (Springer, 2000). For Jahiel (1992), homelessness happens not only because of people’s economic difficulties. Jahiel (1992) believes that â€Å"homelessness does not occur in a social vacuum. He argues that the events that make people homeless are initiated and controlled by other people whom our society allows to engage in the various enterprises that contribute to the homelessness of others. The primary purpose of these enterprises is not to make people homeless but, rather, to achieveShow MoreRelatedSolution Of Homelessness In Canada1102 Words   |  5 Pages Department of Housing and Urban Development (Henry et al., 2016), over 500,000 people were homeless in the United States on one given night in January 2016. The Canadian Observatory on Homelessness reported that 35,000 people were homeless in Canada around the same time and that at least 235,000 Canadians experience homelessness at some point in a year (Gaetz et al., 2016). Although both the U.S. and Canada have made some effort toward reducing and ending homelessness, it clearly still remains aRead More The Rise in Youth Homelessness in Canada Essay1180 Words   |  5 PagesToday in Canada, a rise in youth homelessness is being observed across the country. Despite common assumptions, the issue of street youth is not isolated to Toronto or Montreal, but has become pervasive across the country. Although accurate statistics are impossible to come by, the disturbing reality is that both urban centers and rural communities nationwide, are struggling to provide their youth with adequate, affordable housing. Issues surrounding the supply and affordability of housing, combinedRead MoreProblems Associated With Hepatitis C1422 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction: Indigenous peoples in Canada (First Nations, Inuit and Mà ©tis) are recognized as having a significantly increased hepatitis C disease burden in comparison to non-Indigenous Canadians (Uhanova, Tate, Tataryn, Minuk, 2013). Due to over-representation in many groups considered high-risk for hepatitis C transmission, such as those living in unstable housing or engaging in injection drug use, Indigenous peoples living in urban settings are particularly affected (Miller et al., 2010). RecentRead MoreHomelessness : A Very Real Problem For Canadian Society1769 Words   |  8 Pages1990s, homelessness has emerged as a very real problem for Canadian society. In 2014, it is estimated that over 235,000 different Canadians will experience homelessness in a year, with over 35,000 Canadians homeless on any given night (The State of Homelessness in Canada 2). However, the real problem is hidden in the numbers, where despite only making up 4.3% of the total Canadian population, Aboriginal Peoples represent a disproportionate percentage of the homeless populations across Canada (SOHCRead MoreHousing Services Act Essay795 Words   |  4 PagesThe Housing Services Act is designed to regulate community-based planning and the delivery of housing and homelessness services and to provide for families with low-income resources. This policy has an oversight by the provincial government and offers policy direction. It also has a purpose to provide a flexible service for managers and housing providers to retain requirements with respect to the current housing programs that prelude the Act and housing projects that are focused on the specific programsRead MoreThe Health Care Of Canada1477 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction: Are Canadians people who are facing homelessness getting the health care that they need in Canada? Most people would think so because Canada has a system of universal health insurance. The World Health Organization(WHO) describes universal health insurance as ensuring that all people can use the promotive, preventive, curative, rehabilitative and palliative health services they need, of sufficient quality to be effective, while also ensuring that the use of these services doesRead MoreHomelessness in the United States Essay1461 Words   |  6 PagesAccording to the National Student Campaign Against Hunger and Homelessness, â€Å"approximately 3.5 million people are homeless each year, while 36.3 million live in households without enough food.† This statistic only reflects the United States, and to many people, it just doesn’t make sense. For instance Alfredzine Black of the YWCA in Marion, Indiana says, â€Å"I don’t understand why we have so much poverty in the richest country in the world!† Citizens of the United States have a hard time defining andRead MoreCanada s Policy Difference Of The United States Essay2058 Words   |  9 Pagesthe right. Over the years, homelessness has developed in size and complication in Canada (Gaetz, Tarasuk, Dachner, Kirkpatrick, 2006). Originally, the homeless crisis was a major concern of urban centers like Montreal, Laval, Vancouver, Edmonton, Calgary, and Toronto, but rising frequency of homelessness in the suburbs is compelling an immediate response (Laird, 2007). In response to the surmounting homelessness that Canada is facing, the Federal Government of Canada proposed $120 million annuallyRead MoreThe Effects Of Homeless Conditions, Drug Abuse, And Mental Illness1464 Words   |  6 Pagesconditions, self-medication and Homelessness. Depending on the severity of the psychiatric disorder, circumstances can lead to a homeless situation or nomadic lifestyle. It will also cover issues like h ow these influences affect societal issues such as crime violence, abuse, health troubles and communication difficulties with others due to the problems that these individuals have with their thinking process. Key words: Drug abuse, Mental illness, Self-Medication, Homelessness We must bringRead MoreHomelessness : An Epidemic Across The United States1066 Words   |  5 PagesHomelessness has become an epidemic across the United States of America over the past 40 years. Despite the fact that most individuals are reminded of this problem on a daily basis when they see those without homes on the street, few solutions have been implemented that would fix the causes of this horrendous issue. Funding for programs that assist the homeless and homeless prevention programs is abysmal, while the costs incurred due to such a large homeless population continue to rise. Over the

Ethical Issues in Financial Accounting - 2059 Words

Ethical issues arise in the midst of financial accounting on a frequent basis. Several tempting situations occur by the hour in firms of every kind. Society pressures individuals to do dishonest things in order to appear acceptable in the workplace, especially when working in finance or accounting. The majority of corporate America has disregarded the concept of ethics in the workplace. Although this is not morally correct, it happens on a daily basis in today’s world. Ethical issues, such as pressure from management to complete dishonest acts, greediness in the workplace, omitting financial records and breaking confidentiality with company records are some important problems financial accounting companies must address in order to run corporate America in a proper manner. Before developing a detailed perception of the ethical issues in financial accounting, one must know the concepts and ideas behind financial accounting. Financial accounting is a â€Å"field of accounting th at treats money as a means of measuring economic performance instead of as a factor of production† (Financial Accounting, 2014, para. 1). This particular field â€Å"encompasses the entire system of monitoring and control of money as it flows in and out of an organization as assets and liabilities, and revenues and expenses† (Financial Accounting, 2014, para. 1). It is evident that the structure of financial accounting allows much leeway for an individual to cheat the system in several ways. Employees in theShow MoreRelatedEthical Issues Of Financial Accounting984 Words   |  4 Pagesis the reporting to whom. Financial accounting is meant for external reporting to all who are interested in the company’s activities. But in management accounting it is altogether an internal reporting aimed at helping managers in discharging their responsibilities. Financial accounting basically contains monetary information. But managerial accounting will contain both monetary and non-monetary issues that are helpful to the management. For example financial accounting will show only finance relatedRead MoreEthical Issues Involving Information Accounting1193 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Ethical issues involving information accounting is a part of doing business and a large part of personal human ethics. Accounting ethics refer to codes or moral systems used to determine right and wrong in accounting. Accountants have a challenge with the arrival of information technology to observe business ethics in the field of accounting. Technology needs to be appreciated and used by accountants in the most important ways to improve efficiency, regulatory compliance, enhanceRead MoreThe Ethical Framework Of Accounting897 Words   |  4 PagesBusinesses, investors, creditors rely on accounting ethics. The accounting profession requires honesty, consistency with industry standards, and compliance with laws and regulations. The ethics increase the responsibility and integrity of accounting professionals, and public trust. The ethical requirements influence the management behavior and decision-making. The financial scandal of Enron and Arthur Anderson demonstrates the failure o f fundamental ethical framework, such as off-balance sheet transactionsRead MoreThe Effect Of Professional Ethics788 Words   |  4 PagesProfessional Ethics in U.S. Accounting Businesses, investors, creditors rely on accounting ethics. The accounting profession requires honesty, consistency with industry standards, and compliance with laws and regulations. The ethics increase the responsibility and integrity of accounting professionals, and public trust. Ethical requirements influence the management behavior and decision-making. 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The company has been involved in major engineering and construction projects in the world in Canada, Madagascar, Australia, and Spain. The company has more than 30,000 employees and a turnover of over 6 billion Canadian dollars. Recently in March of 2012, the companys CEO, Pierre Duhaime resigned asRead MoreEthical Issues Faced by the Accountancy Profession Essay1747 Words   |  7 Pagesestablishing public trust in financial reporting and business practise. Yet this can and has come under threat when clients and employees are exposed to the risk of fraud when accounting ethics are not adhered to. Codes of ethics are adopted to ensure the reliability, comparability and integrity of financial statements. Ethical standards exist to safeguard the fundamental principles of accountancy and recognize threats to these principle s so judgement can be made to resolve ethical dilemmas. However an accountantRead MoreStandard Issues: Aicpa993 Words   |  4 PagesStandard Issues: AICPA The American Institute of Certified Public Accountants has created a code of professional conduct that all certified public accountants must follow. This code of conduct lists the responsibilities CPAs have when working with a company s financial information. The AICPA also includes information regarding the integrity, objectivity, independence and due care that CPAs must use when working in the accounting industry. The AICPA offers an ethics course for accountants to refreshRead MoreEnron - Ethical Dilemma Essay1129 Words   |  5 PagesEthical decision making: A dilemma Ethical issues have greatly transformed in our lives since the great Enron, Xerox and other huge corporations proposed big profits showing earnings of billions of dollars and yet in reality facing bankruptcy. These corporations faced great trouble with the federals and state for manipulating financial statements. But not only corporations can be blamed on this, accounting firms were involved in this as much as the corporations were. With the business standRead MoreLegal And Regulatory Environments And Ethics1712 Words   |  7 PagesFraud and Forensic Accounting Curriculum Forensic accounting is defined as the action of identifying, recording, settling, extracting, sorting, reporting, and verifying past financial data or other accounting activities for settling current or prospective legal disputes or using such past financial data for projecting future financial data to settle legal disputes. Forensic accountant are very important part of the business for the expert services, legal system such as financial statement analysis

Computer Crimes Laws Must Be Pass To Address The Essay Example For Students

Computer Crimes: Laws Must Be Pass To Address The Essay Increase In ComputerComputer Crimes: Laws Must Be Pass To Address The Increase In Computer CrimesTHESIS: Laws must be passed to address the increase in the number and types ofcomputer crimes. Over the last twenty years, a technological revolution has occurred as computersare now an essential element of todays society. Large computers are used totrack reservations for the airline industry, process billions of dollars forbanks, manufacture products for industry, and conduct major transactions forbusinesses because more and more people now have computers at home and at theoffice. People commit computer crimes because of societys declining ethical standardsmore than any economic need. According to experts, gender is the only bias. Theprofile of todays non-professional thieves crosses all races, age groups andeconomic strata. Computer criminals tend to be relatively honest and in aposition of trust: few would do anything to harm another human, and most do notconsider their crime to be truly dishonest. Most are males: women have tended tobe accomplices, though of late they are becoming more aggressive. ComputerCriminals tend to usually be between the ages of 14-30, they are usually bright,eager, highly motivated, adventuresome, and willing to accept technicalchallenges.(Shannon, 16:2)It is tempting to liken computer criminals to other criminals, ascribingcharacteristics somehow different fromnormal individuals, but that is not the case.(Sharp, 18:3) It is believedthat the computer criminal often marches to the same drum as the potentialvictim but follows and una nticipated path.(Blumenthal, 1:2) There is no actualprofile of a computer criminal because they range from young teens to elders,from black to white, from short to tall. Definitions of computer crime has changed over the years as the users andmisusers of computers have expanded into new areas. When computers were firstintroduced into businesses, computer crime was defined simply as a form ofwhite-collar crime committed inside a computer system.(2600:Summer 92,p.13)Some new terms have been added to the computer criminal vocabulary. TrojanHorse is a hidden code put into a computer program. Logic bombs are implanted sothat the perpetrator doesnt have to physically present himself or herself.(Phrack 12,p.43) Another form of a hidden code is salamis. It came from thebig salami loaves sold in delis years ago. Often people would take smallportions of bites that were taken out of them and then they were secretlyreturned to the shelves in the hopes that no one would notice themmissing.(Phrack 12,p.44)Congress has been reacting to the outbreak of computer crimes. The U.S. Houseof Judiciary Committee approved a bipartisan computer crime bill that wasexpanded to make it a federal crime to hack into credit and other data basesprotected by federal privacy statutes.(Markoff, B 13:1) This bill is generallycreating several categories of federal misdemeanor felonies for unauthorizedaccess to computers to obtain money, goods or services or classified information. This also applies to computers used by the federal government or used ininterstate of foreign commerce which would cover any system accessed byinterstate telecommunication systems. Computer crime often requires more sophistications than people realizeit.(Sullivan, 40:4) Many U.S. businesses have ended up in bankruptcy courtunaware that they have been victimized by disgruntled employees. Americanbusinesses wishes that the computer security nightmare would vanish like a fairytale. Information processing has grown into a gigantic industry. It accountedfor $33 billion in services in 1983, and in 1988 it was accounted to be $88billion. (Blumenthal, B 1:2)All this information is vulnerable to greedy employees, nosy-teenagers andgeneral carelessness, yet no one knows whether the sea of computer crimes isonly as big as the Gulf of Mexico or as huge as the North Atlantic.(Blumenthal,B 1:2) Vulnerability is likely to increase in the future. And by theturn of the century, nearly all of the software to run computers will be boughtfrom vendors rather than developed in houses, standardized software will maketheft easier. (Carley, A 1:1)A two-year secret service investigation code-named Operation Sun-Devil, targetedcompanies all over the United States and led to numerous seizures. Critics ofOperation Sun-Devil claim that the Secret Service and the FBI, which have almosta similar operation, have conducted unreasonable search and seizures, theydisrupted the lives and livelihoods of many people, and generally conductedthemselves in an unconstitutional manner. My whole life changed because of thatoperation. They charged me and I had to take them to court. I have to thank 2600and Emmanuel Goldstein for publishing my story. I owe a lot to the fellowhackers and fellow hackers and the Electronic Frontier Foundation for coming upwith the blunt of the legal fees so we could fight for our rights. (Interviewwith Steve Jackson, fellow hacker, who was charged in operation Sun Devil) Thecase of Steve Jackson Games vs. Secret Service has yet to come to a verdict yetbut should very soon. The secret service seized all of Steve Jacksons computermaterials which he made a l iving on. They charged that he made games thatpublished information on how to commit computer crimes. He was being chargedwith running a underground hack system. I told them it was only a game and thatI was angry and that was the way that I tell a story. I never thought HackerSteve Jacksons game would cause such a problem. My biggest problem was thatthey seized the BBS (Bulletin Board System) and because of that I had to makedrastic cuts, so we laid of eight people out of 18. If the Secret Service hadjust come with a subpoena we could have showed or copied every file in thebuilding for them.(Steve Jackson Interview)Computer professionals are grappling not only with issues of free speech andcivil liberties, but also with how to educate the public and the media to thedifference between on-line computer experimenters. They also point out that,while the computer networks and the results are a new kind of crime, they areprotected by the same laws and freedom of any real world domain. Changes To The Bill Of Rights EssayCONCLUSIONComputer crimes are fast and growing because the evolution of technology is fast,but the evolution of law is slow. While a variety of states have passedlegislation relating to computer crime, the situation is a national problem thatrequires a national solution. Controls can be instituted within industries toprevent such crimes. Protection measures such as hardware identification, accesscontrols software and disconnecting critical bank applications should be devised. However, computers dont commit crimes; people do. The perpetrators bestadvantage is ignorance on the part of those protecting the system. Properinternal controls reduce the opportunity for fraud. BIBLIOGRAPHYAlexander, Charles, Crackdown on Computer Capers,Time, Feb. 8, 1982, V119. Ball, Leslie D., Computer Crime, Technology Review,April 1982, V85. Blumenthal,R. Going Undercover in the Computer Underworld. New York Times, Jan. 26, 1993, B, 1:2. Carley, W. As Computers Flip, People Lose Grip in Saga of Sabatoge at PrintingFirm. Wall Street Journal, Aug. 27, 1992, A, 1:1. Carley, W. In-House Hackers: Rigging Computers for Fraud or Malice Is Often anInside Job. Wall Street Journal, Aug 27, 1992, A, 7:5. Markoff, J. Hackers Indicted on Spy Charges. New York Times, Dec. 8, 1992, B,13:1. Finn, Nancy and Peter, Dont Rely on the Law to Stop Computer Crime, ComputerWorld, Dec. 19, 1984, V18. Phrack Magazine issues 1-46. Compiled by Knight Lightning and Phiber Optik. Shannon, L R. THe Happy Hacker. New York Times, Mar. 21, 1993, 7, 16:2. Sharp, B. The Hacker Crackdown. New York Times, Dec. 20, 1992, 7, 18:3. Sullivan, D. U.S. Charges Young Hackers. New York Times, Nov. 15, 1992, 1,40:4. 2600: The Hacker Quarterly. Issues Summer 92-Spring 93. Compiled by Emmanuel G

To Kill a Mockingbird Chapter 1-8 Summary free essay sample

Dill came up every summer. Jem, Scout and Dill spent most of the summer trying to learn more about the Radley’s. Boo Radley never comes out of his home and the children are determined to try and get him out. Dill dares Jem to touch the porch. Jem finally gives in and when he touches the porch Scout sees movement in the house. When September comes Dill goes back to Meridian, and Scout begins to look forward to starting first grade. Jem tries to warn his sister that school and home are two completely different places. Miss Fisher is not happy to find out that Scout already knows how to read and write. Miss Fisher has come prepared to install a modern system for teaching reading, and it upsets her that Scout has managed to learn to read at home. Miss Fisher realizes that Walter Cunningham has forgotten his lunch. We will write a custom essay sample on To Kill a Mockingbird Chapter 1-8 Summary or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page She gives him a quarter and is expecting a quarter in return the next day. She does not know that Cunningham’s are very poor. Scout tries to point this out to the teacher but gets punished. Jem decided to have Walter over for lunch. They are all eating when Scout makes fun of the way Walter eats his food. Instantly Calpurina makes Scout leave the table. Calpurnia makes rules, establishes order, and must be obeyed just like any other adult. Later that afternoon, back in school, Miss Caroline learns another lesson about country kids. Burris Ewell has cooties. She told him to go home and while he was leaving he said some very mean gestures to her. The Ewell’s are known to go to the first day of school and never come back. After school that day Scout tells Atticus that the teacher told her to stop reading at home. Scout and Atticus make a compromise: Scout can keep on reading at home, but she will have to go back to school and try to get along better with her teacher. Nothing really interesting happens until the spring, when Scout and Jem discover that someone is leaving small objects in a knothole in an old oak tree on the corner of the Radley property. At first Scout finds two sticks of chewing gum. They also find two old Indian head pennies in the knothole. One day they decide to take turns rolling down the street inside an old car tire. On her first ride, Scout gets pushed too fast and ends up rolling into theq forbidden territory of the Radleys front yard. She doesnt tell the boys, but she is sure that she heard someone laughing at them from inside the Radley house. As the summer goes on, Jem and Dill become inseparable. For the first time, Scout feels left out because she is a girl. She forms a special friendship with Miss Maudie, a widowed lady who lives next door. Miss Maudie spends as much time as possible working outdoors in her garden and also makes fun of Miss Stephanie Crawford, the neighborhood gossip. On the last night of Dills visit, he and Jem come up with their most daring game yet. They are going to sneak up and peek through a Radley window. Jem goes first, and he crawled across the porch to one of the windows when, suddenly, Scout sees the shadow of a man fall across the porch. As they flee they hear the fire of a shotgun. In their scurry, Jems pants get caught on a fence. He jumps out of them and runs for his life. They fool Atticus with their explanation that Jem lost his pants to a game of strip poker. In the middle of the night Jem goes back to the Radley place to get his pants. To his surprise the pants were mended and neatly hung over the wires. Later in the fall Jem and Scout find more things in the knothole. They find two small dolls carved out of soap, chewing gum, and an old pocket watch with a penknife. Nathan Radley fills the knothole with cement suggesting that the tree was dying. For the first time in more than a century, snowfalls in Maycomb County. Miss Maudie’s house catches fire and burns to the ground. While Jem and Scout are freezing outside watching the fire, someone puts a blanket around them. They suspect that Boo put the blanket around them because he was the only one who was not helping out with the fire.